中文原文 · 中文 + English · History index / 历史目录
1611 年,英国出版圣经的英文版, 即有名的 詹姆士国王版, King James Version (KJV) of English Bible, 47 位学者参与了这一项工程, 新约的部分是从希腊语翻译的。 这本书被认为是英国文化史中极重要的一部分, 在之后两个世纪,这本圣经是印刷最多的书籍, 也经历了数以万计的修订。
In 1611, the English version of the Bible was published, known as the King James Version (KJV), 47 scholars participated in this project, and the New Testament part was translated from Greek. This book is considered a crucial part of British cultural history, it became one of the most printed books for two centuries, undergoing countless revisions.
新约福音书的主角 耶酥 即不是英国人,也不是欧洲人。
The main character of the New Testament Gospel, Jesus, was neither British nor European.
正如英文圣经的版本名称所提示的, 此时英国国王是 詹姆士 一世, 后来的哲学和法学的历史名人 培根 当时是国王的支持者, Francis Bacon, 1561 - 1626, 在1613 年 培根 被任命为 大法官, 几年后 1621 年他 失去官职, 再以后就只好 专心于学术, 可是成果斐然,被后人称为 实证主义之父。 请注意此时 牛顿 还没有来把 力学原理 总结出来呢。
As suggested by the version name of the English Bible, King James I was the British monarch at that time, and Francis Bacon, a later philosopher and legal figure, was one of King James' supporters. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) was appointed as Lord Chancellor in 1613, lost his position in 1621, and then devoted himself to academia with remarkable achievements, becoming the father of empiricism.
Empiricism, 有时也称为 经验主义, 主张 理论 应该从事实中 归纳。 表面上这和本书的方法是相反的,本质上并不矛盾。 本书偶尔放弃 归纳法的原因是为了回避 中国食人文化的诡辩, 我们对中国地区多使用 几何推导法, 几何与推导的方法可以更直观的 刺穿 诡辩术。
Empiricism, sometimes also called experientialism, holds that theories should be derived from facts. This might seem contradictory to this book's approach, but fundamentally there is no contradiction. The occasional abandonment of inductive methods is due to avoiding sophistry related to Chinese cannibalism, we use geometric derivation for the regions of China, as geometry and derivation can more intuitively penetrate sophistry.
比如做为一个例子, 我们来推导 三角形的 集权社会结构 消灭 信任感的情况。
For example, let us derive a situation where the centralized social structure of a triangle eliminates trust among people.
三角形的社会结构 是中国在秦始皇之后固化的「秦制」, 直到2024年时亦不例外。 所谓天无二日,人无二主, 中国社会习惯于唯一的顶点,中国人的梦想就是成功爬去这一点。 在这样的层级社会中 攀登的目标就是它唯一的顶点, 其它方向的拓展机会是被仅存的顶点切割掉了。 因此社会结构就是东方文化自己总结的:君臣父子夫妻的等级制度。 同时,君不密则失臣,臣不密则失身,几事不密则害成。是以君子慎密而不出也。 这句话出自易经,来源古老。 人与人之间相互提防是必然的, 社会结构仅提供一个顶点、一个方向, 那么只有踩下更多人才更好爬上去。
The triangular social structure is a固化后的 "Qin system" in China after Emperor Qin Shi Huang, and it remains the same until 2024. As the saying goes, 天无二日,人无二主 (there can be no two suns in heaven or two rulers on earth), Chinese society is accustomed to having a single apex. The dream of the Chinese people is to climb up to that point.
In such a hierarchical society, the goal of climbing is to reach this sole apex; opportunities for expansion in other directions have been cut off by the existence of this apex. Therefore, the social structure can be summarized as the Eastern cultural hierarchy: the class system of ruler-minister, father-son, and husband-wife relationships.
Furthermore, if a ruler is not discreet, he will lose his ministers; if a minister is not discreet, he will lose his position; and if any matter is not handled discreetly, it can lead to failure. Thus,君子慎密而不出也 (a君子 should be cautious and keep secrets). This saying comes from the I Ching and has an ancient origin.
Mutual suspicion among people is inevitable in such a social structure, as there is only one apex and one direction provided by society. Therefore, stepping on more people to climb higher is the only way forward.
因此,三角形内人与人之间的信任感 是被结构破坏的。
Therefore, the sense of trust among people in the triangle is undermined by the structure.
当信任 失去基础后,整个社会自然更容易变为谎言岛。 同时,社会进化中必须的另一个功能也会相应丧失: 代理功能。
When trust loses its foundation, the entire society naturally becomes更容易转化为 an island of lies. At the same time, another essential function in social evolution will also be correspondingly lost: the agency function.
社会关系中的代理功能 是指一个人不可能 精通所有工作, TA 总有一部分工作是要 信任/依赖 其它人与组织去完成的。 比如,在培根 与 詹姆士 国王的年代, 一个普通的英国人 不需要具备 培根 的眼界与学识, TA 只要相信 来自剑桥大学三一学院的 培根 在这些学术问题上是真诚的, 这种信任就让一个普通人在 本质上借用了培根的学问, 而培根 则是 现代科学方法论的 启蒙者。 或者说 三一学院 对社会 代理了 一部分学术探索的功能。
The agency function in social relations refers to the fact that one cannot master all tasks, and certain tasks must be trusted or dependent on others and organizations. For example, during Bacon's and King James' era, an ordinary Englishman did not need to possess Bacon's knowledge and vision, they only needed to believe that Francis Bacon from Trinity College, Cambridge, was sincere in these academic matters, this trust allowed an ordinary person to essentially borrow Bacon's wisdom, while Bacon was a pioneer of modern scientific methodology.
此时 剑桥大学(1206-)已经有四百年历史, 牛津大学(1096)已经有五百年历史。 Cambridge, Oxford 是世界上持续运作最久的三所大学之二, 另一所是今天意大利的 Bologna University。
At this time, the University of Cambridge (founded in 1206) already had a history of four hundred years, and the University of Oxford (founded in 1096) already had a history of five hundred years. Cambridge and Oxford are the two oldest continuously operating universities in the world, with the other being the University of Bologna in Italy today.
另一边,在 欧亚大陆的东方,在中国文化中, 因为三角形社会结构是比它更大的几何约束, 任何事物都要屈服在权力脚下,佛儒道法都不例外。 如果中国也有什么 神学机构的话,它也无法自我支撑, 它也必须跪在皇帝或者 权力顶点 的脚下。 因此,三角形的社会中,信任感是被结构踩碎的。
On the other hand, in the East of Eurasia, within Chinese culture, due to the triangular social structure being a greater geometric constraint than it, anything had to bow before power. This applied to Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism alike. If there were any theological institutions in China, they too would not be self-sustaining, and they would also have to kneel at the feet of the emperor or the apex of power. Therefore, in a triangular society, trust is crushed by the structure.
类似的,学问修养、礼貌和体面都是虚假的, 都无法不被权力践踏。 处在一个层级社会中, 爬上去起高楼,再塌下来,反复崩溃, 所谓三十年河西三十年河东, 昨日坐明堂,今朝阶下囚。 在这里所有人的都是权力的囚徒,都是三角形内的爬虫, 哪里有什么信任、学问、修养,一切文明的概念都将是虚伪的。 三角形内只有权力是真实的、唯一的, 除此之外只有谎言和虚伪最真诚。 虽然该国历史鼓吹 忠君报国, 但是和它的仁义道德一样虚伪, 它的历史书本身就是 秽史写作的展示。
Similar to this, scholarly attainments, courtesy, and propriety are all false, and cannot escape being trampled by power. In a hierarchical society, one climbs up to build a high tower only to see it collapse again, as the saying goes, "Thirty years of change from west to east, thirty years back again." Yesterday sitting in the hall of government, today reduced to a prisoner on the steps. Here, everyone is a captive of power and a crawling insect within the triangle, where is there any trust, scholarship, or cultivation? All concepts of civilization will be false. Only power is real and unique within the triangle, beyond that are only sincerity in lies and falsehoods. Although this country's history promotes loyalty to the king and service to the nation, it is as hypocritical as its Confucian virtues, its historical texts themselves being displays of filth in writing.
如果要找一种直观的比喻, 三角形内就是一个巨大的奴隶营,降奴大营, 每个人都是奴隶,每个奴隶都需要爬向顶点, 所有的人都是结构的奴仆, 爬虫们看不到的三角形 才是真实的统治者。
If one were to find an intuitive metaphor, it would be a huge camp of slaves within the triangle, a camp where slavery is enforced. Each person is a slave who needs to crawl towards the apex. Everyone is a servant to the structure. The true rulers are the triangles that the crawlers cannot see.