中文原文 · 中文 + English · History index / 历史目录
1776¶
1776¶
摘要：¶
Summary：¶
国富论， 自由市场， 宪法1788， 四库全书， 双城记， 天花牛痘， 华盛顿和美国政治， 小镇教堂， 现代民主， 白莲教， 功率单位是马力， 拿破仑， 尼尔森， 海权， 流放的拿破仑和睡狮中国， 铁路， 废奴法案， 西非编队， 鸦片战争， 林则徐， 道可道， 中国成熟度标志， 南京条约第一条， 中国文化， 日本崛起， 我不懂印度史 {{{1
The Wealth of Nations, free market, Constitution 1788, Siku Quanshu, A Tale of Two Cities, smallpox vaccination, Washington and American politics, town church, modern democracy, Bai Lian Sect, power units are horsepower, Napoleon, Nielson, sea power, exiled Napoleon and the sleeping lion China, railway, abolition act, West Africa Squadron, Opium War, Lin Zexu, Dao De, marks of Chinese maturity, Treaty of Nanjing Article 1, Chinese culture, Japan's rise, I don't understand Indian history {{{1
1776年瓦特制造出了第一台实用的蒸汽机。
In 1776, Watt manufactured the first practical steam engine.
同年， 英国人亚当斯密出版《国富论》， 推开了经济学研究的大门。 Adam Smith (1723-1790)。 许多学者认为他奠定了自由市场的经济学理论基础。 在自由市场中追逐利润的人群中有上帝的手在指导， 使得对利润的追求变成生产与服务， 这令西欧国家回避对自由市场的破坏。很久以后， 数学家用博弈论完善了市场竞争理论， 而社会主义国家以计划经济的失败做了反面教材， 用无尽的冤魂书写了另一份教材。
In the same year, Adam Smith (1723-1790), a British scholar, published The Wealth of Nations, which opened the door to economic research. Many scholars believe that he laid the foundation for the economic theories of free markets. In the crowds pursuing profits in a free market, there is a guiding hand of God, transforming the pursuit of profit into production and services, which helped Western European countries avoid damaging the free market. Much later, mathematicians refined competition theory with game theory, while socialist countries used the failure of planned economies as a counterexample, writing another textbook with endless souls.
在农业社会里，国家的财富就是农田的产出， 或者可以去抢劫其它国家， 但是抢劫是一个高风险的零和游戏。 Smith 则揭示了财富的另一个来源， 比如他以鏠衣针为例， 任何一个人以铁杵磨成针的方法制造鏠衣针的话， 效率低、成本高， 而且在实际上一个人也是几乎不可能完成全部流程包括采矿、 炼铁、制作和销售鏠衣针的各类工作的。 然而在市场上，这些工作其实是不同的人去做的， 在一些环节比如采矿、炼铁、拉铁丝等等更需要人们专精于此。 当社会建立分工合作之后， 各环节的从业者都可以得到回报， 每一个部分都赚到相应的金钱， 而每一个角色也发展出相应的技术，甚至达到杰出的手艺， 这样就在相当大的范围内累积出高于上述零和游戏的国家财富。
In an agricultural society, a country's wealth came from the output of farmland, or could be gained through raiding other countries, but raiding was a high-risk zero-sum game. Smith revealed another source of wealth, for example, he used the making of pins as an illustration: if anyone were to manufacture pins by grinding iron into needles themselves, it would be inefficient and costly, and in practice, it is almost impossible for one person to complete all processes including mining, smelting iron, manufacturing, and selling pins. However, in the market, these tasks are actually carried out by different people, with some stages like mining, smelting iron, drawing wire, etc., requiring specialized skills. After the establishment of social division of labor, practitioners in each stage can earn returns, every part earns corresponding money, and every role develops corresponding techniques, even achieving outstanding craftsmanship. This way, a significant amount of wealth accumulates beyond the zero-sum game described above.
进一步，大量的商品生产和交易可以被自由市场来调节，这就是上帝之手。
Further, a large number of goods production and trading can be regulated by the free market, which is known as the invisible hand.
如果以后人的眼光来多说一些的话， 社会上仍然有不应该进入市场交易的东西， 比如公共场所公用设施、比如执法部门的暴力权力。 自由市场的基础之一是自由言论， 自由的言论可以为市场提供理性。
If future generations were to speak more, society would still have things that should not enter the market for trading, such as public facilities in public places and the violent power of law enforcement agencies. One of the foundations of a free market is free speech, and free speech can provide reason to the market.
相反， 没有言论自由的所谓自由市场当然就是骗局。
Instead, so-called free markets without freedom of speech are simply a fraud.
而不尊重人类生命却套用自由市场经济学的，当然就是魔鬼。
Those who impose free market economics without respecting human life, of course, are devils.
亚当斯密同时被视为道德哲学家， 他尝试定义私有财产， 他尝试寻找占有财产的权力的来源。和后世的马克思学派不同， 自由市场理论一开始就包含了道德与良心的作用力， 并没有将财物的来源等同于剥削。
Adam Smith is also regarded as a moral philosopher, who tried to define private property and trace the sources of the power of possession. Unlike later Marxist schools of thought, free market theory from its inception included the role of morality and conscience and did not equate the origin of wealth with exploitation.
因此真正的学者不可能将 Smith 的学说当做资本剥削工人的理论基础。 相反他在学术上开拓了人们的视野， 让人们理解远比简单的种植农业更复杂的社会劳动， 当然也就说明了一种积累社会财富的方法， 国富论名符其实。
Therefore, true scholars cannot regard Smith's theories as the basis for the exploitation of workers by capital. Instead, in academia, he broadened people's perspectives, enabling them to understand more complex forms of social labor than mere agriculture, naturally also elucidating a method for accumulating societal wealth. The Wealth of Nations lives up to its name.
也是同一年， 1776年， 美国人富兰克林作为北美殖民地大陆会议成 员去到法国， 他默默谋求法国国王的支持， 寻求法国共同对付英国在北美的殖民政权。
Also in the same year, 1776, Franklin, an American from the North American colonies, went to France as a member of the Continental Congress, where he secretly sought support from the French king and aimed to have France join forces against Britain’s colonial rule in North America.
1780年， 英荷联盟近一个世纪后爆发第四次英荷战争， 英国海军早已经超越了曾经强大的荷兰海军， 威廉三世也已经是更早的历史人物。
In 1780, four years after the century-long Anglo-Dutch alliance, the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War broke out. By this time, the British Navy had already surpassed the once-mighty Dutch Navy, and William III was a historical figure from even earlier times.
法国帮助了北美独立战争， 在弗吉尼亚约克顿港口外为反抗军控制了海面， 英军投降。 1783年签订巴黎和约， 英国承认美国独立。 此时拿破仑应该还在法国的军校中学习。
France aided the American Revolutionary War, by controlling the seas around Yorktown port in Virginia for the rebels, leading to British surrender. The Paris Peace Treaty was signed in 1783, recognizing American independence. At this time, Napoleon should have still been studying at a French military school.
1788年， 乾隆五十三年， 美国制订宪法， 这是首部文字宪法。 而清朝修纂了《四库全书》， 同时烧掉了其它不合时宜的书， 据说也杀了不少人。
In 1788, during the 53rd year of Qianlong's reign, the United States drafted its constitution, which was the first written constitution. Meanwhile, the Qing dynasty compiled the Siku Quanshu, and burned other books deemed inappropriate for the times; it is said that many people were also executed.
四库全书的字数是美国宪法的多少倍呢？ 这部宪法只有四千多字。然而， 诚实的语言比一万倍的虚伪字数更宝贵。
How many times the length of the U.S. Constitution are the characters in the Four Treasuries?
This constitution has only a few thousand words. However, honest language is more precious than ten thousand times the number of deceitful words.
We the people of the United States, ... 宪法前三个词的次序是： We, People, US. 然而翻译成中文后总是被改变的词序：我们美国人民。
We, the People of the United States, ... In English, the order of the first three words is: We, People, US. However, they are always translated to 中文 as 我们美国人民。
什么是人民？ 从集合论来说， 白人、黑人、亚洲人、欧洲人都可以视为人的子集。 人民是人的超集吗？
What is the people? From the perspective of set theory, white people, black people, Asians, Europeans, and so on can all be regarded as subsets of humans. Is the people a superset of humans?
甲骨文的「民」字是一只戳瞎的眼睛， 人民这个词从构词法来说还是人吗？ 或者说这个集合真的是人的集合吗？
The character "民" in oracle bone script depicts a blind eye, Is the term "people" still about humans from a lexical perspective? Or is this collection truly a collection of humans?
什么是人？这个问题只有四个字， 还可以进一步转化为三个字的问题：你是谁？
What is a person? This question can be further simplified to just three words: Who are you?
能不能杀人？ 在能够回答这个问题之前， 上面两个问题恐怕无法回答。 或者说， 只要猩猩有杀人的权力， 人就必须定义为猩猩的玩物。
Can apes kill people? Before this question can be answered, the two questions above cannot be addressed. Or to put it another way, as long as apes have the right to kill, humans must be defined as playthings of the apes.
比如：为人民服务。 后来（大约170年后）毛泽东写了这句话被贴到许多官府的门口。 请问这句话的主语是谁？是人民吗？ 如果主语是人民，这句话是不是病句？ 请问：为人民服务的是些什么东西？
For example: "Serve the people." Later (about 170 years later), Mao Zedong wrote this sentence and had it posted on many government doors. Who is the subject of this sentence? Is it the people? If the subject is the people, isn't this a sentence with a grammatical error? So, what do the people serve?
四库全书汇集8亿字， 大学者们用尽墨汁， 统治者其实只需要四个动词： 杀人、愚民、迫害、奴役。
The Complete Library in Four Sections gathers 800 million characters, and the great scholars exhaust their ink, but all that the rulers need are four verbs: killing, indoctrination, persecution, and servitude.
但是此时中文中可能还没有认真定义什么是动词。
But at this time, serious definitions of what a verb is in Chinese may not yet have been established.
从四书五经到二十四史， 千言万语最后被扭曲成为残害人体的学问， 从皇帝到草民，文豪或者武将都看不到人体的残缺，搞的什么学问？ 文字和人类的身体是什么样的关系？
Pilgrims and Puritans
中文可能是人类史上杀人最多的一种文字。
Chinese might be the most lethal form of writing in human history.
同年法国爆发革命， 1789年通过了人权宣言， 革命者提出了自由平等博爱的原则， 1793年法国国王路易16上了断头台， 这是他亲自参与设计的人性化生命终结设备。 后来有人测试， 据说分离后的脑袋可以睬15次眼睛， 大革命的断头台砍下了至少6万颗脑袋。
In the same year, a revolution broke out in France, and in 1789, the Declaration of Human Rights was adopted. The revolutionaries proposed principles of freedom, equality, and fraternity. In 1793, King Louis XVI of France was executed by guillotine, which was a humane device he personally designed for ending lives. Later, it was tested that the separated head could nod about 15 times. The guillotine used during the Great Revolution cut off at least 60,000 heads.
双城记是英国作家狄更斯的小说， 两百年后仍有很好的销量， 讲得就是大革命时的两座城：伦敦和巴黎。天主教高层、 贵族大人们和革命公民们都是杀人犯， 自由平等博爱沦为罪恶的借口。 后来近一百年后， 雨果写了：93年。 也是同一时间的故事， 革命的两边， 一边是野蛮， 一边是残忍。如果允许人们自由的使用语言， 这个社会哪里会缺少真相和智慧？
After occupying Eurasia, escape became humanity's fate. However, most often, people had no way out, only rushing up the pyramid, ultimately becoming beasts.
1796年英国医生爱德华-琴纳（Edward Jenner） 他尝试为一个小男孩接种牛痘， 这是对抗天花的正确方法， 当时还没有建立微生物学。同年清朝， 嘉庆元年， 白莲教起义， 官方称为川楚教乱。
1796 British doctor Edward Jenner He tried to vaccinate a boy with cowpox, which was the correct method to combat smallpox, at a time when microbiology had not yet been established. The same year, in the Qing dynasty during Jiaqing's first year, the White Lotus Rebellion broke out, officially called the Chaos of the Chu and Sichuan Sect Armies.
1797年， 华盛顿， 已经做了美国二任总统， 他谢绝出任第三个总统任期。 回家3年后有一天下雪， 他在农场工作时受寒， 因病去世。 如果不是他，也许美国是另外一个样子。 他的主动离职仿佛是历史中的一件小事， 仅仅演示了一个人走上权力顶层和离开权力宝座自然而然的节奏。
From a systemic perspective, elected presidencies are inefficient, yet systems that help leaders relinquish power are like holy grails against monsters. These monsters are nations — the strongest wild beasts humans encountered after exiting Africa.
美国宪法也在 1788年就在他的任期内通过， 通常被认为是现代民主的里程碑。 华盛顿不仅是反抗军司令、第一任总统， 也是帮助宪法确立的关键人物， 更重要的是他轻易的从总统职务卸任了。 他之后的几任总统接力将美国推入理智和民主的轨道， 让穷人得到选票， 让人们得到另一种推翻统治的方法。
By examining history with a longer lens, the strategic apex of the pyramid has long been dominated by simians. The battlefield for human vs. ape is not in the jungle; it's on the pyramid.
民主这个词我们好象用过不止一次了， 但是美国宪法里没有用这个词。 民主的最大问题之一就在于： 通常独裁者都可以证明它们创建的制度是最民主的。 而真正民主的制度， 相反就会被百般刁难。
Removing simians from the pyramid, children giving up toys, adults restraining their desires — all nearly impossible tasks.
参考一下睿智的历史学书籍， 我们知道在这段历史之前， 或者在世界的其它地方， 并不缺少聪明的人理解社会问题的根源， 他们对民主不民主的问题也许远比我们把握的清楚， 他们思考过各种问题， 比如集体和个人的义务， 税收和战争， 政治和外交。在北美洲， 新世界只是给了人们一个新 的机会去尝试、 去恢复理性和人性。而其它地方的人们同样的聪明， 只是在某一座金字塔下难于脱身而已， 仿佛被叉在烤肉叉子上， 就这样一百年又一 百年之后， 轻松离开总统职务的华盛顿依然令人景仰。
How much causal relationship exists between U.S. political structure and over a century of Protestant immigrants? The Mayflower arrived in 1620 with Pilgrims seeking religious freedom, followed by more Puritans for similar reasons.
当美国总统们开始顺利的交接权力时， 这个世界变了。虽然， 当时不是所有的美国人都有同等的政治权力， 比如女人和黑奴在当时不可能有参政权力， 但是民主的树苗已经在成长， 它的养分是理智。 而让理智生长的土壤只是自由言论， 不需要什么复杂的政治学和文化结构。
When American presidents began smooth power transitions, the world changed. Although, not all Americans had equal political power at the time, such as women and slaves who could not participate in politics, the seed of democracy was still growing, nourished by reason. And the soil that allowed reason to grow was merely freedom of speech, no complex political science or cultural structures were needed.
更长的时光镜头中回望一下， 人类进化逃亡和被捕猎追杀的战场上， 金字塔的顶端是被猩猩们长期占领的战略要地。 人兽之战的战场并不是在丛林中， 早已经转移到金字塔上。
Looking back with a longer time lens, on the battlefield of human evolution and escape from being hunted, the top of the pyramid is a strategic location long occupied by the apes. The battleground of human-animal war has already shifted to the pyramids.
让猩猩离开金字塔， 让孩子放弃玩具， 让成人约束性欲， 这都是几乎不可能的。
To make the monkeys leave the pyramid, to get the children to give up their toys, to restrain adults' sexual desires—these are all almost impossible tasks.
美国政治结构和超过一个世纪里移民到北美的新教徒们有多少因果关联？ 1620年五月花号载着被称为朝圣派的新教徒登陆， 后来更多的被称为清教徒的新教徒前来， 寻找宗教上的宽容和生存的空间。
How much causal relationship is there between American political structure and the new Protestants who immigrated to North America over more than a century? The Mayflower carried the so-called Pilgrim Protestants ashore in 1620, and later, more Protestant colonists known as Puritans came, seeking religious tolerance and space for survival.
Pilgrims and Puritans
Pilgrims and Puritans
在一座座孤独的小镇， 教徒们每个礼拜来到教堂， 在长长的一排排橙子上， 家人们坐在十字架下， 绅士们的礼帽和女士们的长裙形成深沉的色调， 他们的信仰不再受到迫害， 缺少国王和官员的约束， 逐渐形成了商议处理公共事务的传统。
In one lonely town after another, devotees come to the church each week, On rows and rows of oranges, families sit beneath crosses, The gentlemen's top hats and ladies' long skirts form deep tones, Their faith is no longer persecuted, free from kings and officials' constraints, Gradually forming a tradition of deliberating on public affairs.
清教徒是新教徒中的一个流派， 这个名称， puritan， 包含 purity 的字根， 有纯洁和净化的含义。他们用圣经净化腐败的教皇和贵族， 这些以上帝的名义爬在权力宝塔上的人权势遮天， 只有远离他们才能保持自己的信仰。
Puritans were a branch of Protestants.
The term, puritan, contains the root of purity and has implications of being pure and cleansing. They used the Bible to cleanse corrupt popes and nobles, those who held power under the guise of God, obscuring rights with their authority. Only by staying away from them could one preserve one's faith.
国家占领欧亚大陆之后， 逃亡成为人类的命运。 可是大多数时候， 人们无路可逃， 只有向金字塔上冲去， 最终化身为兽。
After occupying Eurasia, escape became humanity's fate. However, most often, people had no way out, only rushing up the pyramid, ultimately becoming beasts.
美国的现况来源于美国的历史， 来源于人们的生活方式和文化信仰， 来自离开欧洲脱离祖国的一群群人， 来自宗教改革和文艺复兴、再来自黑暗的中世纪 、和之前的古罗马、古希腊。 当他们来到北美， 这片土地不仅养育早期的印第安人， 也养育后来的和现在的欧洲人。 后来世界其它地方的人们羡慕美国在军事、政治、经济上的强大， 许多亚非拉的国家也采用了选举的方法， 然而失败的并不少， 因为它们并没有美国的历史和地理， 仅仅采用相同的制度得不到相同的结果。 大米煮成米饭， 面粉烤成面包， 不使用相同的原料如何做出相同的食物？ 同样， 没有相同的选民， 当然就没有相同的总统。
The current situation in the United States comes from its history, from people's lifestyles and cultural beliefs, from waves of people who left Europe to escape their homeland, from religious reforms and the Renaissance, and back to the dark Middle Ages, and earlier still, ancient Rome and Greece. When they came to North America, this land not only nurtured the early Native Americans, but also later European immigrants and those of today. Later, people from other parts of the world admired the United States for its military, political, and economic power, and many countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America adopted election methods. However, few succeeded because they did not have the history and geography of the United States, and merely adopting similar systems cannot yield the same results. Rice is cooked into rice, flour baked into bread, how can the same dish be made without using the same ingredients? Similarly, without the same electorate, of course, there will not be the same president.
从制度上来说， 民选总统的效率相当低， 然而帮助权力者交出权力的制度都是制服魔兽的圣典。 这一群魔兽就是成群的国家， 是人类走出非洲后遇到的最强野兽。
From a institutional standpoint, the efficiency of an elected president is quite low. However, the systems that help powerholders relinquish their power are like holy texts that subdue powerful monsters. This group of monsters is a swarm of nations—some of the strongest wild beasts humans encountered after exiting Africa.
华盛顿离开总统职务的行为让猩猩无法模仿， 令美国人失去了建造更高金字塔的机会。 至少在总统这一职位上， 他们缺少时间来搭建更高的权力之塔。 当时工业化迅速扩展， 机器带来了力量， 得到力量就得到财富。 面对新征服的大地与大海， 人们都想要更多财富更多力量， 放手权力确实难以割舍。
Leaving the presidency is something that apes cannot mimic, and it deprived Americans of the opportunity to build even higher pyramids. At least in terms of the presidency, they lack the time to construct a taller tower of power. When industrialization was rapidly expanding at the time, machines brought strength, and gaining strength meant gaining wealth. Facing newly conquered lands and seas, people wanted more wealth and more strength, and relinquishing power was indeed hard to do.
在整个世界范围， 在他之后两百年， 民主政治的国家仍然与专制统治的国家并行的存在。
From throughout the world, two centuries after him, democratic states still existed alongside those ruled by autocracy.
华盛顿离开总统职务之后两个多世纪， 人们依然有些想不清楚， 这到底是文化修养、还是骑士风度？让人们有机会自己选择领袖。
More than two centuries after Washington left the presidency, people still struggle to understand whether this was a display of cultural refinement or chivalry, giving people the opportunity to choose their leaders.
1799年清朝嘉庆帝掌权， 乾隆太上皇死了， 川陕楚豫甘五省官兵联合行动、打击白莲教作乱的教匪。
In 1799, during the reign of Emperor Jiaqing of the Qing dynasty, the former Emperor Qianlong had died, officers and soldiers from Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Henan, and Gansu provinces jointly acted to strike against the rebels of the White Lotus sect.
瓦特与合伙人共同设立的公司到1800年就已经生产500台蒸汽机。 蒸汽机在人类史上第一次提供了机械动力， 使生产能力飞一般的提高。 在人类史中， 创造力是神奇的力量。 在蒸汽机之后，劳动力量再不仅仅由牛马提供了， 但是为了对骏马表示尊重， 功率的单位仍然是马力。
By 1800, the company established by Watt and his partners had already produced 500 steam engines. The steam engine was the first mechanical power source in human history, leading to an incredible increase in productivity. In human history, creativity is a magical force. After the steam engine, power was no longer provided solely by oxen and horses, but to show respect for horses, the unit of power remained the horsepower.
1800 年，意大利 学者 Alessandro Volta， 伏特 宣布了他发明的电池。 他的名字后来成为 电学中的电压 单位：伏特。
In 1800, Italian scholar Alessandro Volta announced his invention of the battery. His name later became the unit of voltage in electricity: volt.
工业化中， 国与国的力量对比可能更快的变化。
In industrialization, the power balance between countries may change more rapidly.
在美国独立和法国大革命风起云涌时拿破仑崛起， 带领法军同反法联盟的欧洲军队做战， 他几乎武力征服了欧洲， 1804年成为法国人的皇帝， 全欧洲都在同法国做战， 这很奇怪， 联军对抗法军， 他们的赞助者是英国和英国的金融系统。 一方面人们认为法国革命不过是嗜血狂徒的暴力发泄， 另一方面革命者认为自己是在将人类从罪恶的旧世界解放出来得到自由平等和博爱。 也许双方都看到了问题的本质， 却没有注意到火枪和大炮变得越来越便宜， 结果是连续的战争。
During the upheavals of the American and French Revolutions, Napoleon rose to power, leading French armies against the European forces of the Coalition. He nearly conquered most of Europe by force. In 1804, he became Emperor of France, with virtually all of Europe at war with France, which was strange: coalitions fought against the French, with their patrons being Britain and its financial system.
On one hand, people viewed the French Revolution as merely a violent outburst of bloodthirsty tyrants, while on the other hand, revolutionaries saw themselves as liberating humanity from the old world to achieve freedom, equality, and fraternity. Perhaps both sides saw the essential problem, but they failed to notice that firearms and cannons were becoming increasingly cheaper, resulting in continuous warfare.
1805年， 英国海军对抗拿破仑的舰队， 法国皇帝的舰队混编了西班牙曾经无比强大的舰队， 在西班牙北部海域， Trafalgar 海战中英军胜利， 血海硝烟中英国指挥官尼尔森战死， 超过3800名英法西班牙海军丧身， 同时葬送了拿破仑对海洋的野心。
In 1805, the British Navy fought against Napoleon's fleet,
which included Spain's formerly powerful fleet.
At the Battle of Trafalgar off the northern coast of Spain, the British won.
Amidst the blood and smoke of battle, British Admiral Nelson died.
More than 3,800 sailors from Britain, France, and Spain lost their lives,
and Napoleon's ambition for control of the seas was simultaneously dashed.
尼尔森是久经海战的猛将， 独臂独目， 死后成为英国海军军魂。在与拿破仑相关的战争中打出了全球海权， 回顾历史， 我们发现海权已经狠狠的晃动了国王们的餐桌。
Nielsen was a seasoned naval warrior, one-armed and one-eyed. After his death, he became the soul of the British Navy. He fought for global maritime power in the wars related to Napoleon, and looking back at history, we find that maritime power has shaken the tables of kings.
英国海军从此可以航行到任何一片海洋， 英国可以向任何一个有海岸线的国家施加影响， 可以封锁任何一个港口。 我们可以认为英国获得了全球海权。 制海权的出现意味着没有一个国王可以关起门来吃肉了， 如同非洲大草原上进食的野狗不断受到其它食肉野兽的干扰， 大海边上的国家都要面对海权的影响。 这个世界将在许多小金字塔中， 构筑一个更大的金字塔， 至高无上的地区王权将或多或少的成为大系统中的小家伙。
The Royal Navy could now sail to any ocean, Britain could exert influence over any country with a coastline, and blockade any port. We can say that Britain had obtained global sea power. The emergence of control at sea means that no king can关起门来吃肉 anymore, like the wild dogs feeding on the African savanna being constantly interfered with by other carnivorous animals, the countries bordering the sea must face the influence of sea power. This world will be constructed from many small pyramids into a larger one, with supreme regional monarchies becoming little guys in the big system to some extent.
包括伟大的中国皇帝， 将被迫走去弱小的位置。 这一年是嘉庆十年， 年初皇上让内务府约束太监， 四月份又查禁了西洋人传教的行为。
Including great emperors of China, they would be forced to take a weak position. This was the tenth year of Jiaqing. At the beginning of the year, the emperor ordered the Inner Court to constrain eunuchs. In April, he also banned the activities of Western missionaries.
1805年底拿破仑取得三皇会战胜利， 保持陆战无敌之势， 战争使用火炮火枪， 步兵队列和骑兵军团连战连胜之后， 拿破仑迫使奥地利帝国取消了神圣罗马帝国的称号， 这个称号在不同的脑袋上跳了上千年。
By the end of 1805, Napoleon won the Battle of Austerlitz, maintaining his invincibility in land battles, after victories using cannons and muskets, with infantry formations and cavalry corps defeating opponents one after another, Napoleon forced the Austrian Empire to revoke the title of the Holy Roman Empire, a title that had bounced around different heads for thousands of years.
战争的同时工业化在飞快的改变世界。
Warfare was occurring while industrialization was rapidly transforming the world.
1807年， 英国人富尔顿造出蒸汽机轮船， 同年英国废止奴隶贸易。 > 1808年， 英国海军组建西非编队巡航拦截欧美的奴隶贸易船。 > 1812年， 拿破仑进攻俄罗斯， 最终惨败， 俄国好冷。
In 1807, the British inventor Fulton built the steamship, and that same year, Britain abolished the slave trade. - In 1808, the British Navy formed a West Africa squadron to patrol and intercept slave trading ships from Europe and America. - In 1812, Napoleon invaded Russia, ultimately suffering a devastating defeat; Russia was indeed very cold.
14年 3月底，反法联盟取得机会占领巴黎， 俄国沙皇，亚力山大一世，拿到了巴黎的钥匙， 他很有风度的宣称他将送给巴黎和平而不是报复， 31日，他带着俄军和六国联军入城， 这是近 400 年来第一次外国军队攻入巴黎城。 二天后，拿破仑被第一次流放。
In March 1943, the anti-French coalition had an opportunity to occupy Paris. The Russian Tsar, Alexander I, received the key to Paris. With great grace, he declared that he would give Paris peace rather than revenge. On the 31st, he entered the city with the Russian and six-nation allied forces. This was the first time in nearly 400 years that foreign troops had entered the city of Paris. Two days later, Napoleon was exiled for the first time.
这一年， 英国人史蒂芬孙发明蒸汽机车。
In this year, British inventor Stephenson invented the steam locomotive.
拿破仑很快溜了回来， 1815年复辟后6月18日被英国和普鲁士（后来的德国） 联军在滑铁卢再次击败。 对亚洲人来说欧洲骑士们太愚蠢了， 他们没有抓住机会切碎拿破仑的肉体！ 让拿破仑家族有机会在以后返回欧洲舞台。
Napoleon soon returned, and on June 18, 1815, he was again defeated by the Allied forces of Britain and Prussia (later Germany) at Waterloo. To Asians, European knights were too foolish; they failed to seize the opportunity to cut up Napoleon's flesh! Allowing the Napoleon family a chance to return to the European stage in the future.
拿破仑本人被彻底流放到遥远的圣赫拿勒岛后， 法国路易18复位。 同时， 工业化将欧洲继续推向无法逆转的方向。
After Napoleon was completely exiled to the remote island of Saint Helena, Louis XVIII was restored to power in France. At the same time, industrialization continued to push Europe irreversibly in its new direction.
后来有一个清朝使臣去欧洲的路上拜访了拿破仑， 昔日的法国皇帝对清朝使臣寒暄：中国是一头沉睡的狮子。 这句话成为拿破仑被引用最多的名言， 让一群软弱的人同时找到了软弱和残暴的理由：睡觉的狮子。
Later, a Qing dynasty envoy visited Napoleon on his journey to Europe. The former French emperor greeted the Qing envoy: "China is a sleeping lion."
This became one of Napoleon's most frequently quoted sayings, allowing a group of weak people to find both weakness and brutality in a sleeping lion.
1820年，法国科学院成员 Andre Marie Ampere, 安培 收到一条消息来自 丹麦 物理学者 Hans Christian Oersted: 变化的电流可以引起 磁场效应。 安培 立即开始研究这一现象， 他帮助电磁学 大厦奠定了了基础。 后来在 1881 年， 人们决定用他的名字 作为 电流的计量单位：安培。
In 1820, French Academy member André-Marie Ampère received a message from Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted: changing currents could induce magnetic fields. Ampère immediately began studying this phenomenon, laying the groundwork for electromagnetism. Later in 1881, people decided to name the unit of current after him: ampere.
和 20 年前研究电池的 伏特 一起， 电学两大基础量， 电压与电流的计量单位的名称的来源人都已经出现了： 电压 是 伏特， 电流 是 安培。
Together with Volta, who studied batteries two decades earlier, the units for voltage and current in electricity were named after their discoverers: voltage was volt, and current was ampere.
科学 源自欧洲， 文明源自 地中海岸。 欧亚大陆的西方提供了东方不存在的历史内容， 对人体外表的雕塑，对人类美德的追求， 对事实与现实的诚实认定， 从而有基础建立三层台阶：是非、善恶、美丑。 这些基础在中国传统文化中或者不存在、 或者是叶公好龙、或者是空中楼阁的仁义道德。 当中国的 专制 社会系统中的文人们将自己的 独裁主子们的统治称为文明时， 它们只是在污辱 文明这个词。 一群或蠢或坏的自称文明的小丑在为人们展示一块布满爬虫的三角形， 唯一的顶点下面是必然血腥的大量死亡。
Science originated in Europe, civilization along the Mediterranean coast. The Western part of Eurasia provided historical content not found in the East, sculptures of human bodies, pursuit of human virtues, an honest recognition of facts and reality, thus establishing a three-tiered foundation: right and wrong, good and evil, beauty and ugliness. These foundations either do not exist or are mere lip service to morality and righteousness in traditional Chinese culture. When the literati in China’s autocratic social system referred to their dictatorial overlords’ rule as civilization, they were merely defiling the word "civilization." A group of fools or villains, claiming themselves civilized, showed a triangular piece of cloth teeming with lizards, with only one apex inevitably leading to mass bloodshed and deaths.
1823 年， 意大利 图灵大学 的教授 阿伏伽德罗， Amedeo Avogadro， 他失去了大学的职务。 因为当时他积极的参加统一 意大利 的革命运动， 大学给他的解聘书上说： 让这位有趣的科学家从繁重的教学工作中解脱， 为了能让他更好的关注他的研究。
In 1823, Italian Turin University professor Amedeo Avogadro lost his university position for actively participating in the unification of Italy. The university's dismissal letter stated: Let this interesting scientist be relieved from heavy workloads so that he could pursue his studies more freely.
几年后他的研究帮助人类进入分子物理学领域， 然后他本人也回到了 图灵大学。 Avogadro's Law, 阿伏伽德罗 定侓 是： 分子由 原子构成， 相同数量的分子气体 在相同条件下有 相同体积。 阿伏伽德罗 常数 也就是 摩尔 常数， 是 国际度量单位 的七大基础单位之一。 这七个度量单位是： 时间的秒，s, 长度的米，m, 质量的千克, kg， 电流的安培，Amp, 绝对温度的 开尔文，kelvin, 分子或者微粒的 阿伏伽德罗 常数， mol, 光明强度的 CD, candela.
Using "almost" because the temperature unit Kelvin came from a person's name, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, who was about to become the president of the Royal Society. His grandfather was a farmer, his father a math teacher, and his two younger sisters were his kindergarten teachers.
现在， 1824年， 补全现代科学七大测量单位的人们几乎都已经出现了， 其中光强度的 Candela 不是人名， 这个词是拉丁语 蜡烛的意思。
Now, in 1824, most of the people who completed the modern seven base units of measurement had already appeared, with the Candela for luminous intensity not being a person's name, and this word means "candle" in Latin.
用「几乎」这个词是因为温度单位 Kelvin， 这个绝对温度的单位则同样来自人名， William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin 后来担任 英国皇家科学院 院长的 开尔文 今年才即将出生。他的爷爷是个农民， 他的爸爸是个数学教师， 他的两个姐姐是他的幼教老师。
Using the word "almost" is because the temperature unit Kelvin, this absolute temperature unit also comes from a person's name, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin. Kelvin, who later served as the President of the Royal Society of London, was born this year. His grandfather was a farmer, his father was a mathematics teacher, and his two sisters were nursery school teachers.
在之后的一个世纪内， 科学发展成为科目庞大、内容深邃的社会支撑力量。 后来，当东方央央大国的思想家们提出师夷长技以制夷的思想时， 他们真是不知道自己的浅薄。 这些杀人犯们不知道文明真实的基础是：人。 它们以为文明就是科技、生产力和武器，是钢铁军舰和枪炮。
In the following century, scientific development became a vast and profound social support force. Later, when the thinkers of the great Eastern Central nation proposed the idea of learning from the West to counter the West, they truly did not realize their own shallowness. These killers did not know that the true foundation of civilization is: humanity. They believed that civilization was about technology, productivity, and weapons—steel warships and guns.
1824年4月，英国诗人， 拜伦勋爵，Lord Byron, 在希腊独立战争中牺牲。 自1453年康士坦丁堡陷落至今， 希腊已经被土耳其人统治了三个多世纪， 三年前希腊人开始反抗， 而拜伦做为一支义军的指挥官参加了战争。 希腊人为英雄的浪漫主义诗人举行了举国哀悼， 并且送回拜伦的遗体去英国，可是拜伦在英国已经声名狼藉， 无法直接埋葬在威斯敏斯特修道院的诗人角。 但是他被称为英国近代最好的一位诗人， 代表作是「唐璜」，Don Juan。
(Here lies the burial place of great humans, not demons' eight treasures mountain.)
这座修道院是1042年的英国君主「忏悔者爱德华」修好的， Westminster Abbey。 很多杰出的人长睡在这座修道院里， 比如牛顿、 狄更斯、达尔文，Newton，Dickens，Darwin, 还有 16位君主，8 位首相， 还有1997年的黛安娜王妃， 共有三千多位英国史上的名字。
The poet's corner in this abbey was created by King Edward the Confessor in 1042, Westminster Abbey. Many outstanding people are buried here, including Newton, Dickens, Darwin, and 16 kings and eight prime ministers. It also includes Princess Diana from 1997.
(这里是杰出人类的墓园，不是魔鬼们的八宝山。）
(This is the cemetery of outstanding humans, not the Eight Treasure Garden of devils.)
另外我中文没有学好， 不知道为什么英国诗人的作品 Don Juan 被翻译成为唐璜， 但是， Don Juan 也不是英文，这是一个西班牙情圣的名字。
I didn't learn English well enough to understand why Lord Byron's work Don Juan was translated into "唐璜" in Chinese, but Don Juan wasn't an English name; it was the name of a Spanish lover.
(希腊是在8年抗战后独立的，1832年。)
(Greece achieved independence after 8 years of resistance in 1832.)
1824年5月，贝多芬的第九交响曲在维也纳第一次演奏， 此时中国人已经无法想像如此辉煌的声学空间的艺术创作， 弦乐器，小提琴、大提琴，管乐器，木管、铜管、 击打乐器，人声，高音、低音，男声女声。 如果说钢铁机器中咬合的齿轮代表的是机械的美感， 乐团中上百件乐器和乐师的配合演出代表的是什么？ 从作曲家到乐团和观众， 从指挥手中的小棍子到音乐批评人的分析文章， 这一切代表的是推动工业革命的欧洲人的艺术素养。
In May 1824, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was first performed in Vienna, at a time when Chinese people could not imagine such splendid acoustic spaces for artistic creation, strings, violins, cellos, woodwinds, brass, percussion instruments, human voices, high and low tones, male and female voices. If the meshing gears in machines represent mechanical beauty, what do the collaboration of over a hundred musical instruments and performers in an orchestra signify? From the composer to the orchestra and audience, from the conductor's small stick to the music critic's analysis articles, all this represents the artistic素养of Europeans who propelled the Industrial Revolution.
此时距离清朝输掉鸦片战争后在南京条约上签字的1842年还早， 距离成为中华崛起的核心思想的《师夷长技以制夷》的1842年出版的魏源著作《海国图志》也同样还早， 在欧洲各国音乐厅的演奏中， 在人类听觉从 20HZ - 22KHZ 的频率范围内创造出来的艺术作品中， 就在这个狭窄的声音空间内， 艺术家们创作出无法用其它任何学问(声学、物理学、数学、哲学... )解释的音乐， 如果中国人欣赏过之后还能固执的坚持师夷长技以制夷的态度而不是以尊敬的心情面对这些艺术家和他们所在的社会， 我们只能猜测中国的社会不属于人类的世界。
By the time the Qing Dynasty signed the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842, after their defeat in the Opium War, it was also too early for Wei Yuan's book "Haiguo Tuzhi," published in 1842 and a core thought behind China's rise, during performances in European music halls, in artistic works created within the human audible frequency range of 20Hz to 22KHz, within this narrow sonic space, artists produced music that cannot be explained by any other discipline (acoustics, physics, mathematics, philosophy...), if Chinese people were to stubbornly adhere to a "Learning from the barbarians to control the barbarians" attitude after experiencing such music instead of showing respect for these artists and their societies, we can only speculate that China's society does not belong in the human world.
从科技、文化、艺术的任何一个方面来观察， 面对这些人类历史中创造的作品， 不论是优美的音乐还是精密的机器， 一个社会要堕落到多么愚昧的程度才能以敌视的态度对待这样的成就？
From any aspect of technology, culture, or art, when facing these works created by humans throughout history, be it beautiful music or intricate machines, how degraded must a society become to approach such achievements with hostility?
1830年9月英国利物浦和曼彻斯特之间开通一条应用蒸汽机车的铁路。 铁路带来一个产业链： 蒸汽机和车厢需要维护， 乘客需要服务， 车站需要管理 ， 铁轨需要冶炼钢铁和锻造。要把这一切造出来， 至少在第一次的时候， 无法由一个人、 一个公司或者一个组织独立完成。 这需要整个社会承受这个必然会有多次失败的创造过程。 摘取最后果实的人， 常常没有注意到在果实成熟之前有多少人付出劳动承受失败。 人们常说：失败是成功之母。 却没有注意到宽容的支撑失败者需要汇集多少的努力。 英国在当时作为一个能够提供这样程度的宽容的社会被称为日不落帝国也就不是什么意外了。
In 1830, a railway using steam locomotives was established between Liverpool and Manchester in the UK. The railway brought about an industry chain: steam engines and carriages needed maintenance, passengers required services, stations needed management, and rails needed to be made from steel. To produce all of these at least for the first time, it could not have been accomplished by a single person, company, or organization. This required society as a whole to bear the creative process that would inevitably involve multiple failures. The people who harvested the final fruits often do not notice how many labors and failures were endured before the fruits ripened. It is often said: "Failure is the mother of success." But it is not acknowledged how much effort was needed to support those who tolerated failure. At that time, Britain, as a society capable of providing such levels of tolerance, was called the "Empire on which the sun never sets" for good reason.
再次拷贝同样的技术就容易得多了。
It's much easier to copy the same technology again.
更长铁路送来更多的陌生人， 城镇更密集， 渐渐的城里人都变成了陌路人。
Longer railways bring more strangers, towns become denser, and gradually, even the people in the city seem like strangers.
1834年， 英国进一步通过废奴法案， 同时， 为海外奴隶主支付2千万英镑补偿他们因此遭受的损失。 在当时这是个天文数字， 远远超过英国的支付能力， 一位能够把龙虾说成鲸鱼的独立议员在英国废奴过程中功不可没， 他是： William Wilberforce.
In 1834, Britain further enacted abolitionist legislation, simultaneously providing compensation of 20 million pounds to overseas slave owners for the losses they incurred. At that time, this was a astronomical sum, far exceeding Britain's payment capacity. A independent议员 who could turn lobster into whale in words played an indispensable role in the British abolition process. He was: William Wilberforce.
美国也已经在国内禁止奴隶贸易， 在四大洋上禁奴显然更困难。 禁奴不仅是明显赔钱的生意，而且很危险。
Slavery trade has also been banned domestically in the United States, and banning it on the four oceans is obviously more difficult. Banning slavery is not only a clearly money-losing business but also very dangerous.
不论奴隶船挂哪一国的旗帜， 英国海军的西非编队都敢把对手拦下来。 外交纠纷要在几个月之外的欧洲大陆解决， 而英国的政客和法官们也把几乎所有争吵都拦了下来， 让皇家海军的船长们在大海上不受干扰， 他们把巡航延伸到印度洋， 追逐着奴隶船和海盗船。
Regardless of which flag a slave ship flies, the British Navy's West Africa Squadron dares to intercept it. Diplomatic disputes are resolved on the European continent months later, and British politicians and judges managed to settle almost all arguments, allowing Royal Navy captains to operate undisturbed in the open seas, stretching their patrols into the Indian Ocean, pursuing slave ships and pirate ships.
1840年， 中英之间发生鸦片战争， 战败后签订了南京条约。
In 1840, there was the Opium War between China and Britain. After the defeat, the Treaty of Nanjing was signed.
引发鸦片战争的林则徐后来成为民族英雄， 如果他不做英雄， 中国史会变得很难堪。实际上他完全没有处理中英关系的能力， 也不知道自己招惹的是什么。他做惯了中国人的大官， 似乎并不知道如何按照法律原理走完整程序， 结果引来了十几条英国战船， 打败了一个帝国， 揭开了令中国人无法直视的脓胞。
Lin Zexu, who later became a national hero by initiating the Opium War, would have made China's history extremely embarrassing if he had not become a hero. In fact, he had no capability to handle Sino-British relations and did not know what he was stirring up. As a accustomed official of the Qing dynasty, it seemed he did not know how to proceed according to legal principles. The result was that a dozen British warships were sent, defeating an empire and exposing sores in China that could not be directly faced by Chinese people.
在他处理毒品鸦片时， 林则徐这位历史英雄不知道他和他的主子才是最毒的毒品， 中国人没有办法选择好主子， 只能每隔几百年血战一场轮到哪个算哪个， 美名其曰皇帝轮流坐。 然后大家跪下磕头磕几百年后再血战一场， 如此循环造就这一局面。没有人性， 没有科学， 敢说实话的人都死了， 万里长城妄图隔绝内外， 却留下一座臭气熏天的金字塔。
When dealing with opium, Lin Zexu, this historical hero, did not realize that he and his master were the most toxic drugs.
Chinese people had no choice but to pick a ruler every few centuries through bloody struggles, whoever it was their turn for.
They named it "Emperors rotate." Then they kowtowed on bended knee for several hundred years before another round of bloody struggle.
This cycle created this situation. There was no humanity, no science; those who dared to speak the truth were killed. The Great Wall tried to isolate China from the outside world but left behind a stinking pyramid.
金字塔保证每一代人民都是愚民。
The pyramids ensure that every generation of people remain ignorant.
古人曰：道可道非常道。有天道皇道有没有人道？ 当道不是道的时候，或者我的道不是你的道的时候， 或者非常道不是正常的道的时候，... 这个道不论以代数学来理解， 还是以集合论来理解都不符合逻辑， 因为金字塔早以经开始消灭人类的逻辑了。
Ancient people said: "The Way that can be spoken of is not the constant Way." Is there a Heavenly Dao, Imperial Dao, or Human Dao? When the Way is not the Way, or when my Way is not your Way, or when the very constant Way is not the normal Way,... no matter whether we understand this Way through algebra, or set theory, it does not conform to logic. Because the pyramids have already begun to eliminate human logic.
不仅现代教育普及爱党爱国的思想， 传统文化也都提炼为忠孝仁义， 逻辑混乱后的人们看不清这都是在培育热爱金字塔的爬虫。
Not only does modern education disseminate the thoughts of loving the Party and the country, but traditional culture also distills loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, and righteousness. Logically confused people cannot see that this is all about nurturing climbers who love the pyramid.
在欧洲人确立海权后， 殖民扩张的过程中， 所到之处， 罕逢敌手。 美洲、非洲、亚洲并没有同等军力的国家 ， 甚至只有部落。 亚洲各国和中国政府的成熟程度只存在于幻想者的梦境中， 欧洲国家几乎遇不到什么挑战。
After Europeans established their naval power, during the process of colonial expansion, they rarely faced resistance wherever they went. The Americas, Africa, and Asia did not have equally powerful nations; in many cases, there were only tribes. The sophistication of Asian countries and the Chinese government was nothing but a figment of dreamers' imaginations, and European countries encountered very little challenge.
金字塔培育的是爬虫，那么没有金字塔的地方呢？
If pyramids breed scorpions, what about places without pyramids?
1840年世界人口12.1亿， 亚洲7.8亿， 欧洲1.9亿;
In 1840, the world population was 1.21 billion, with Asia at 780 million and Europe at 190 million;
请注意此时的世界地图并没有被占满， 许多地方当时只有土人， 这些人也并不理解什么立宪、法制或者民主， 如果西欧国家不为自己的国人提供武力保护， 不输出自己的秩序，不维持交易规则， 让他们的商人如何面对当地土人呢？
Please note that the world map at this time was not fully occupied, many areas were then inhabited by indigenous people, and these people did not understand concepts like constitutional government, rule of law, or democracy. If Western European countries did not provide military protection for their own citizens, did not export their order, and did not maintain trading rules, how could their merchants deal with the local indigenous people?
当时中国大清朝， 这一只国家发育成熟的指标如何呢？ 在它的统治者身旁是大量的太监， 他们的鸡巴被切除， 而统治者仿佛不知道肉体痛苦是最基 本的人性。 这个国家的男人以为女人不喜欢自已的大脚掌， 女人用不着走路， 掰断做成了三寸金莲。 这只名为大清朝的野兽， 它的法制系统是由棍棒、皮鞭和各种刑具组成的。 这要让开始了民主荫芽的西方野兽的臣民如何接受呢？
At the time of the Qing Dynasty in China, how mature were the indicators of a developed nation?
Surrounding its rulers were numerous eunuchs, whose penises had been removed, and the rulers seemed unaware that physical pain is the most basic aspect of human nature. The men in this country believed women did not like their large feet, and women did not need to walk, so they broke them into three-inch golden lotus. This wild beast called the Qing Dynasty had a legal system composed of rods, whips, and various instruments of torture. How could the subjects of Western beasts that had begun to sprout democracy accept this?
带着奴印的食人族后代在恐慌中颠倒的应用愚民养殖场里最好的中文词汇标记了这一段暴露中文社会丑态的历史：殖民。
The descendants of the cannibal tribe, bearing the mark of servitude, applied the best Chinese words in panic to mark this historical exposure of the ugly side of Chinese society: colonization.
清朝皇帝也许永远都不会知道此时大英帝国包括殖民地的人口达到了清朝的一半。 清朝 4 亿，英联合王国 2 亿， 俄罗斯此时 6 千万人。 在以前的历史上罕见的有西欧国家管理或者影响这么多人口， 并且他们的影响力直接到达了东亚。
The Qing emperors might never have known that by this time, the population of the United Kingdom including its colonies was half that of the Qing dynasty. The Qing had 400 million people, while the United Kingdom and its colonies had 200 million. Russia had a population of around 60 million at this time. It was uncommon in history for Western European countries to manage or influence so many people, and their influence reached directly into East Asia.
战争之后1842年8月双方签订的南京条约从此成为万夫所指的耻辱条约之始， 却从来没有给人们认真的翻译和解释这个条约。 条约的第一条足够简短， 是这样写的：
The Nanjing Treaty, signed in August 1842 following the war, has since become the beginning of a series of humiliating treaties that have drawn widespread criticism. However, it has never been seriously translated or explained. The first article of the treaty is sufficiently brief and reads as follows:
ARTICLE I：
ARTICLE I：
...英国女皇和...中国皇帝...应从此和平友谊。 他们的臣民， 在两国内， 这些人的人身和财产， 应当享有完全的安全和保护。
The Queen of England and the Emperor of China should henceforth maintain peaceful friendship. Their subjects, within their respective countries, these people's persons and property should enjoy complete safety and protection.
现在看来， 如果能够做到条约的第一条， 不论大清皇帝赔多少钱中国人都 可以说是赚到了。 但是皇上没有让中国人得逞，甚至没有让人们知道什么是所谓的屈辱条约。 主辱臣死， 君臣父子。中国人自以为中国很深奥， 其实相反， 中国很单纯：就是一个猩猩国度。人们以为中国文化高深莫测， 事实也上相反， 不是什么高明的东西， 中国文化就是不说实话， 假大空， 自以为是， 跪下磕头。
Now, it seems that if the first article of the treaty could be achieved, the Chinese people can say they have benefited even if Qing Emperor compensates with money. But the Emperor did not allow the Chinese to benefit; he even prevented people from knowing what is所谓的屈辱条约 (humiliating treaty). 主辱臣死, 君臣父子. The Chinese consider themselves a sophisticated nation, but in fact, quite the opposite, China is very simple: just a nation of apes. People believe that Chinese culture is profound and mysterious, in reality, it is not something remarkable. Chinese culture is simply not truthful,夸大空洞, self-righteous, kneeling and bowing.
总结中国文化：没有人体美学、没有人类逻辑、杀人吃人的一座金字塔。
Summarizing Chinese culture: no human aesthetics, no human logic, a pyramid where killing and eating people occur.
希望读者已经看到了修建这一座金字塔的方法。
I hope the readers have seen the method of building this pyramid.
方法之一很简单：切人鸡巴。 中国人从来不知道太监的鸡巴是自己切下来的， 是中国人一起切的，是全社会一起切的。 所有人都说：太监乱国。打死太监。 却不知道写这几个字的纸用的是太监改进的造纸术。
One method is simple: cut off the penis. The Chinese have never known that eunuchs cut their own penises. It was all done by the Chinese together, and it was done as a whole society. Everyone says: Eunuchs ruin the country. Kill the eunuchs. But they don't realize that the paper used to write these words is made using improved papermaking techniques by eunuchs.
切除别人鸡巴的后果就是自己的鸡巴也被切掉了。 一个被切除鸡巴的文化， 全心全意的切着一代人又一代人的鸡巴， 却对鸡巴的问题闭口不提。切除肉体鸡巴，也切割精神鸡巴， 自称仁义却假装不知道人类的身体须要有安全感， 自称寻找真理却不知道思维的方法是区别真与伪， 还不时的引用一下拿破仑的睡狮梦。
The consequences of cutting off others' penises are that one's own penis is also cut off. A culture that cuts off the penises of others, dedicating itself to cutting generation after generation's penises, yet remains silent on issues related to the penis. Cutting off physical penises also severs spiritual ones, calling oneself righteous and virtuous while pretending not to know that human bodies need security, claiming to seek truth yet unaware that the methods of thought are necessary to distinguish truth from falsehood, and occasionally quoting Napoleon's dream of a sleeping lion.
方法之二也很简单，不是什么高明的哲学思想， 而是编造历史。 把历史设定为历史书，胜利者发明的历史书是一群没有鸡巴的人写的， 而真实的历史就消失了。 记忆着虚假历史的人们失去了真实祖先的意志， 他们变为金字塔上的爬虫，只会向上爬去。
Method two is also simple; it’s not a profound philosophical idea but rather the fabrication of history. History is set as what's written in history books, with the victors’ version being written by a group of people without penises, while the true history disappears. People who remember this false history lose the will of their real ancestors and become爬虫 on pyramids, only climbing upwards.
找到这些方法并不困难，但是没有人敢说出来，说出来的人都死的快。
It's not difficult to find these methods, but no one dares to speak about them; those who do end up dying quickly.
当时的日本人， 大约和清朝在相似的起点上。 后来他们主动模拟欧洲法制系统， 从而让欧洲国家放弃在日本寻求治外法权。 这样的行为并不值得大清子民嘲笑。 日本的统治阶层尚能履行自己正常的职责， 而中国的统治者的职责是爬上金字塔吃人。 在随后的历史中， 日本军人大量战死， 但是日本平民的死亡数字就远远低于中国人。 紫禁城里太监们献出的鸡巴没能让北京人明白：保住鸡巴才能保住脑袋。 切人鸡巴却忠孝仁义， 有可能吗？ 大量平民死亡也就不算意外了。
At that time, the Japanese were roughly at a similar starting point as the Qing Dynasty. Later, they proactively modeled their legal system after that of Europe, thereby convincing European countries to abandon extraterritorial rights in Japan. Such actions are not worthy of ridicule by the subjects of the Qing Dynasty. The ruling class in Japan could still fulfill their normal duties, while those in China were more concerned with climbing the pyramid and eating people. In subsequent history, a large number of Japanese soldiers died in battle, but the death toll among Japanese civilians was much lower than that of Chinese. The palace eunuchs' offerings did not make Beijing understand: keeping one's head is about keeping one's private parts safe. Could cutting someone's private parts and upholding filial piety, loyalty, and righteousness be compatible? The large number of civilian deaths should not come as a surprise.
金字塔里只有爬虫，死亡数字无法统计也同样不算意外了。
There are only scorpions in the pyramids, and it's not surprising that the death toll cannot be accurately counted.
大约公元前485年，道德经说：大道废， 有仁义；智慧出， 有大伪； 六亲不和， 有孝慈；国家昏乱， 有忠臣。 到了鸦片战争时， 就是如此吧。
About 485 BC, the Dao De Jing said: When the Way is neglected, there emerges righteousness and propriety; when intelligence appears, great falsehood follows; when the family relationship falters, filial piety and kindness are promoted; when the state falls into chaos and disorder, loyal ministers arise. By the time of the Opium War, this must have been true.
传说中老子，姓李名耳，字聃。 他在鲁哀公十年（485BC）留下「道德经」后就西出函谷关，消失了。 大约十年后，苏格拉底出现在古希腊，苏的学生柏拉图， 柏的学生亚里士多德。 他们在充满着人体美学的古希腊提出了古典逻辑学， 柏拉图更是放肆的写了「理想国」， Republic， 这个英文书名明显的更像是在讽刺中共国的国名。 书中有四种政治秩序：精英制，寡头制，民主制，暴君制。 timocracy, oligarchy (also called plutocracy), democracy and tyranny
相传老子姓李名耳，字聃。他在鲁哀公十年（公元前485年）留下《道德经》后就西出函谷关，消失了。大约十年后，苏格拉底出现在古希腊，他的学生柏拉图，柏拉图的学生亚里士多德。他们在充满人体美学的古希腊提出了古典逻辑学，柏拉图更是大胆地写了《理想国》（Republic），这个英文书名明显更像是在讽刺中共国的国名。书中提出了四种政治秩序：精英制、寡头制（也称为 plutocracy）、民主制和暴君制。
读者可能已经注意到了，不仅人体美学、逻辑学， 而且除了暴君制度之外的任何一种社会秩序都没有出现在中国史上。 也请注意，我们没有采用柏拉图任何一种统治秩序来描写中国史， 我们始终用几何学描述中国，它是一座金字塔。
Readers may have noticed that neither human aesthetics, logic, nor any social order except for tyranny are found in Chinese history. Also note that we did not depict Chinese history using any of Plato's forms of rule. We always used geometry to describe China; it is a pyramid.
金字塔上最为震撼人心的就是周期性的大血祭。
The most astonishing aspect of the pyramids is the periodic grand blood sacrifice.
现在是鸦片战争之后，下一次大血祭已经开始了。
Now it is after the Opium War, and the next great blood sacrifice has already begun.
采用几何形体而不是语言文字描述中国社会的原因之一是： 道德经和辩证法被利用来扭曲所有的概念， 人们以道非道、名非名，或者否定之否定、 对立之统一、量变到质量的话术来颠倒是非， 一切概念都被扭曲，最终令词汇和语法都失去正常的功能。 无耻的文人们用现实存在和符号描述之间的差距否认了现实， 因此我们不再使用中文词汇表述中国社会，包括翻译成为中文的词汇。
One of the reasons for describing Chinese society using geometric shapes rather than language and text is: The Dao De Jing and dialectics are used to distort all concepts, people talk about Dao as non-Dao, name as non-name, or negation of negation, unity of opposites, quantitative change leading to qualitative transformation, and so on, thus perverting right from wrong. All concepts are distorted, eventually causing words and grammar to lose their normal functions. Shameless scholars deny reality by highlighting the gap between actual existence and symbolic description, therefore we no longer use Chinese vocabulary to describe Chinese society, including translations into Chinese.
我们使用几何体，让它自己证明自己， 让几何体自己消灭一切证伪它的企图。 一个庞大的社会完全沦入极权体制之后， 它就是一座金字塔。几何结构就成为最强的约束， 它施加在塔内每一个人身上，让他们无可回避的变化为爬虫。
We use geometric forms to prove themselves, allowing the geometric forms to eliminate all attempts to refute them. After a large society is completely plunged into an authoritarian system, it becomes a pyramid. The geometric structure becomes the strongest constraint, imposing on every person within it, forcing their inevitable transformation into vermin.
二千年的时空中不可置疑的有一座宝塔， 结构力学很简单，它是纯净的权力。 如同牛顿力学的矢量分解， 极权的权力有两个力学分量：谎言和暴力， 在轮回中让一百代中国人持续的向爬虫进化。 这样宏伟的进化史是非人类文明令人惊叹的杰作， 令得亿万人跪下奉献生命的同时残害同类的黑暗力量 是不是仅仅来自这种切除一半的正八面体？ 它以几何的力量束缚了人类，这似乎很明显， 也很容易证明，却无从抵挡， 我因此相信它是来自地狱的。
Undoubtedly, there is a treasure tower spanning two millennia of time and space, Its structural mechanics are simple; it is pure power. Like the vector decomposition in Newtonian mechanics, Authoritarian power has two mechanical components: lies and violence, Perpetuating the continued degeneration of one hundred generations of Chinese into parasites. Such an awe-inspiring work of non-human civilization, a magnificent evolutionary history— Is the dark force that makes billions kneel and sacrifice their lives while harming their own kind Simply derived from this truncated octahedron? It binds humanity with the power of geometry, which seems obvious, Easy to prove yet impossible to resist. Therefore, I believe it originates from hell.
闲话少说，回归历史。当时，女皇的舰队游弋在每一片海面。
No idle chatter, back to history. At that time, the Empress's fleet patrolled every sea surface.
英国的殖民地有三种：宪章、专属、直辖， Charter, Proprietary, Crown colony. 南京条约签订后香港成为「直辖」殖民地， 由英国任命总督， 采用英国法律。 对于广阔的中国大陆， 没有一个欧洲国家会狂妄到尝试独占的地步， 包括海军力量达到巅峰的英国也保持着理智： 这是一块足够大的蛋糕， 大家需要和满清贵族分享。
British colonies were of three types: Charter, Proprietary, and Crown colony. After the Treaty of Nanjing was signed, Hong Kong became a 'Crown' colony, with its governor appointed by Britain and governed under British law. For the vast mainland China, no European nation would be so arrogant as to attempt exclusive control, including Britain at the height of its naval power: it was a large enough pie that everyone needed to share it with the Qing aristocracy.
同样庞大的印度为什么被英国殖民了？ 印度历史明显是一个庞大的题目， 本文尚无力深入讨论。 只能泛泛而言， 首先， 把殖民体系彻底污名化并没有什么意义， 殖民体系是一种社会秩序的输出， 而被殖民国原有的社会统治方法通常比殖民秩序更落后。 殖民者并不比本地的主子更残暴， 殖民制度并不比奴隶制度更差， 我是说被殖民地原来的所谓统治常常就接近奴隶制或者农奴制。 其次， 无须怀疑印度人民的智慧， 而且他们不会缺少勤劳和勇气。 印度历史中有无数的细节无数的人， 殖民地并不一定能概括的代表他们命运中的主要的因素。 对历史我们也不采用因果论来解释， 对于中文语境里谈论历史时常常见到的原因结果和为什么之类的问题， -- 这些问题常常不值得回答。 因果论也许并不能够解释历史中的所有因果， 为所有的结果找到原因也许是一种无法得逞的狂妄。最后， 如果印度曾经有和中国不同的历史， 那么印度教和印度的统治者应该能够比旁人提供更多的理由。
Why Was India, Just as Large, Colonized by the British?
Indian history is clearly a vast subject, and this article lacks the depth to delve into it thoroughly. Only generalities can be discussed here. First of all, completely stigmatizing the colonial system is not particularly meaningful; the colonial system is an output of social order, while the existing methods of social governance in the colonized countries are often more backward than the colonial order. Colonizers are no less brutal than local rulers, and colonial systems are no worse than slavery. I mean that the so-called rule in the original colonized regions was often close to slavery or serfdom.
Secondly, there is no need to doubt the wisdom of the Indian people; they are not lacking in diligence and courage either. There are countless details and people in Indian history, and colonization may not be able to fully represent the main factors in their fate. For historical explanations, we do not adopt causality arguments. Regarding questions commonly seen in discussions about history in Chinese contexts—why, causes, and effects— these questions often aren't worth answering.
Causality theories might not be able to explain all the causes in history, and finding a cause for every effect could be an unwarranted arrogance.
Finally, if India had a different historical trajectory from China, then Hinduism and Indian rulers should have been able to provide more reasons than others.
1844年莫尔斯在美国演示第一台电报机。
In 1844, Morse demonstrated the first telegraph machine in the United States.
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